{"id":"c19399df9a8e08950340a4f29a09ae0ac19cb01f3fc2d2375363387cd98591a9","title":"Federal Reserve note reports rising AI skill demand in manufacturing job postings","argument":"The Federal Reserve published Maria D. Tito’s note on September 30, 2026. Tito analyzes online manufacturing job postings to track employers’ advertised skill requirements and wages, while noting that postings indicate hiring demand rather than directly measuring job openings.\n\nTito reports that AI-related skill requirements rose in manufacturing postings, with machine learning among the skills increasing. Generative AI skills remained rare, and were essentially absent from production-occupation postings through the first half of 2026. The note also reports higher advertised wages for postings requiring AI skills, but says the wage differences are volatile and may reflect the types of jobs, locations, and employers represented.\n\nThe findings describe what employers advertise, not the skills of workers they ultimately hire. Online postings may miss hiring through other channels or internal promotions, and wage data are not available for every posting. How well do advertised AI requirements and wages reflect the skills and pay of workers actually hired?","topicIds":["work-and-business--jobs-and-occupations","job-displacement-and-creation"],"domain":"other","claimType":"attributed reading","limits":"Text as retrieved on October 25, 2026; originally published September 30, 2026. Online postings capture employers’ stated requirements, not the skills of workers ultimately hired, and may omit hiring through other channels or internal promotions. Wage information is missing from some postings; the note also says calculated wage differences may reflect differences in positions, locations, and employers. The note reports advertised requirements and wages; it does not establish how well they correspond to the skills and pay of workers actually hired.","speaker":{"name":"Federal Reserve","roleAtSource":"Publisher"},"source":{"title":"FEDS Note: AI on the Factory Floor: Evidence from Manufacturing Job Postings","publisher":"Federal Reserve","format":"Article","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","publishedAt":"2026-09-30T18:13:00.000Z","dateBasis":"Date supplied by the publisher’s feed."},"evidence":[{"text":"Maria D. Tito’s note was published on September 30, 2026.","excerpt":"September 30, 2026\nAI on the Factory Floor: Evidence from Manufacturing Job Postings\nMaria D. Tito","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","relationship":"Source-stated"},{"text":"Tito says job postings indicate hiring demand, not a direct measure of job openings.","excerpt":"job postings should be interpreted as a timely indicator of hiring demand rather than a direct measure of job openings.","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","relationship":"Source-stated"},{"text":"Tito reports that AI-related skill requirements rose in manufacturing postings, while generative AI requirements remained rare and were essentially absent from production postings through the first half of 2026.","excerpt":"generative AI skills remain rare overall (under 1 percent of postings), though they have inched up over the past year.","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","relationship":"Source-stated"},{"text":"Tito reports higher advertised wages for postings requiring AI skills, while noting that the wage differences may reflect differences in jobs, locations, and employers.","excerpt":"wage differentials may also reflect differences in the types of positions, locations, and employers that require these skills.","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","relationship":"Source-stated"},{"text":"Tito cautions that postings show employers’ stated skill requirements, not the skills of workers ultimately hired, and may omit hiring through other channels or internal promotions.","excerpt":"Online job postings capture employers' stated skill requirements rather than the skills of workers ultimately hired; in addition, Lightcast data reflect positions advertised online, potentially missing hiring conducted through other channels or internal promotions.","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","relationship":"Source-stated"}],"sourceMedia":{"status":"unchecked","sourceUrl":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","checkedAt":null,"items":[]},"assumptions":[],"openQuestion":{"attribution":"Open question","text":"How well do advertised AI requirements and wages reflect the skills and pay of workers actually hired?"},"whatWouldChangeView":{"attribution":"Change condition not recorded","text":""},"editorialComparisons":[],"live":{"title":"Federal Reserve note reports rising AI skill demand in manufacturing job postings","summary":"The Federal Reserve published Maria D. Tito’s note on September 30, 2026. Tito analyzes online manufacturing job postings to track employers’ advertised skill requirements and wages, while noting that postings indicate hiring demand rather than directly measuring job openings.\n\nTito reports that AI-related skill requirements rose in manufacturing postings, with machine learning among the skills increasing. Generative AI skills remained rare, and were essentially absent from production-occupation postings through the first half of 2026. The note also reports higher advertised wages for postings requiring AI skills, but says the wage differences are volatile and may reflect the types of jobs, locations, and employers represented.\n\nThe findings describe what employers advertise, not the skills of workers they ultimately hire. Online postings may miss hiring through other channels or internal promotions, and wage data are not available for every posting. How well do advertised AI requirements and wages reflect the skills and pay of workers actually hired?","question":"How well do advertised AI requirements and wages reflect the skills and pay of workers actually hired?","claims":[{"text":"Maria D. Tito’s note was published on September 30, 2026.","excerpt":"September 30, 2026\nAI on the Factory Floor: Evidence from Manufacturing Job Postings\nMaria D. Tito","support":"source-stated"},{"text":"Tito says job postings indicate hiring demand, not a direct measure of job openings.","excerpt":"job postings should be interpreted as a timely indicator of hiring demand rather than a direct measure of job openings.","support":"source-stated"},{"text":"Tito reports that AI-related skill requirements rose in manufacturing postings, while generative AI requirements remained rare and were essentially absent from production postings through the first half of 2026.","excerpt":"generative AI skills remain rare overall (under 1 percent of postings), though they have inched up over the past year.","support":"source-stated"},{"text":"Tito reports higher advertised wages for postings requiring AI skills, while noting that the wage differences may reflect differences in jobs, locations, and employers.","excerpt":"wage differentials may also reflect differences in the types of positions, locations, and employers that require these skills.","support":"source-stated"},{"text":"Tito cautions that postings show employers’ stated skill requirements, not the skills of workers ultimately hired, and may omit hiring through other channels or internal promotions.","excerpt":"Online job postings capture employers' stated skill requirements rather than the skills of workers ultimately hired; in addition, Lightcast data reflect positions advertised online, potentially missing hiring conducted through other channels or internal promotions.","support":"source-stated"}],"limitations":["Text as retrieved on October 25, 2026; originally published September 30, 2026.","Online postings capture employers’ stated requirements, not the skills of workers ultimately hired, and may omit hiring through other channels or internal promotions.","Wage information is missing from some postings; the note also says calculated wage differences may reflect differences in positions, locations, and employers.","The note reports advertised requirements and wages; it does not establish how well they correspond to the skills and pay of workers actually hired."],"mediaId":null,"correctionReason":null,"id":"c19399df9a8e08950340a4f29a09ae0ac19cb01f3fc2d2375363387cd98591a9","publicationId":"bb6cf7a8-1c62-232c-3077-671db39d6a95","version":1,"sourceUrl":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","sourceTitle":"FEDS Note: AI on the Factory Floor: Evidence from Manufacturing Job Postings","publisher":"Federal Reserve","publishedAt":"2026-09-30T18:13:00.000Z","originalPublished":{"value":"2026-09-30T18:13:00.000Z","precision":"instant","basis":"backfill:feed_published"},"firstObservedAt":"2026-10-25T01:27:50.727Z","createdAt":"2026-10-29T15:40:12.521Z","historical":true,"entityIds":[],"topicIds":["work-and-business--jobs-and-occupations","job-displacement-and-creation"],"media":[],"sourceMedia":{"status":"unchecked","sourceUrl":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","checkedAt":null,"items":[]},"editorialDecision":{"outcome":"accept","mediaId":null,"inputHash":"6f73f13c451557c0a2c6611f28b177b715deb899db2fd8c2890211ded0e686c1","reasonCodes":["bridge_screen"],"rubricVersion":"bridge-screen-v5","confidence":0.99,"provider":"typesafe","model":"jev-1.13.0","decidedAt":"2026-10-29T15:14:59.704Z"},"provenance":{"textHash":"95a94a511706c700c8d53a85726b66ff87f3dfe9bc0b28708f191f887aea73b5","observationId":"8d462628cb264b2aa6bc7bbcefb2e67950c787848084b72c674c467ab81be4a4","retrievedAt":"2026-10-25T01:29:34.542Z","kind":"publisher-page","preparer":{"model":"openai/gpt-6-luna","runId":"177362e6-3b61-d1a3-e39d-a2901d381664"},"reviewer":{"model":"anthropic/claude-opus-5.5","runId":"309b37af-abb1-888e-76df-2d8986255b1c"}},"audit":{"status":"passed","reviewedAt":"2026-10-29T15:40:02.894Z","model":"anthropic/claude-opus-5.5"}},"canonicalUrl":"https://escapemeridian.com/readings/federal-reserve-note-reports-rising-ai-skill-demand-in-c19399df","formats":{"html":"/readings/federal-reserve-note-reports-rising-ai-skill-demand-in-c19399df","markdown":"/readings/federal-reserve-note-reports-rising-ai-skill-demand-in-c19399df.md","json":"/readings/federal-reserve-note-reports-rising-ai-skill-demand-in-c19399df.json"},"attribution":"Headline and summary by Escape Meridian, prepared by Luna from the attributed source. A source check is not independent confirmation of the source’s claims.","readerContext":{"version":"reader-context-v1","attribution":"Reference context selected by Escape Meridian; separate from source evidence. Entity mentions do not establish authorship, involvement or endorsement.","terms":[{"id":"term-machine-learning","name":"Machine learning","explanation":"Methods that let computers learn patterns from examples instead of following rules written by hand.","referenceUrl":"https://developers.google.com/machine-learning/glossary#machine-learning"}],"entities":[]},"researchQuestions":[],"withdrawn":false,"references":{"schemaVersion":1,"target":{"type":"reading","id":"c19399df9a8e08950340a4f29a09ae0ac19cb01f3fc2d2375363387cd98591a9","revision":"bb6cf7a8-1c62-232c-3077-671db39d6a95","revisionKind":"publication-id","title":"Federal Reserve note reports rising AI skill demand in manufacturing job postings","url":"https://escapemeridian.com/readings/federal-reserve-note-reports-rising-ai-skill-demand-in-c19399df"},"source":{"type":"source","id":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","revision":"95a94a511706c700c8d53a85726b66ff87f3dfe9bc0b28708f191f887aea73b5","revisionKind":"sha256-source-text","title":"FEDS Note: AI on the Factory Floor: Evidence from Manufacturing Job Postings","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html"},"status":"available","items":[],"next":null,"scope":"Explicit citations in public readings and public file attachments to this reading. Shared topics are not citations. Other artifact types need an explicit reference adapter."},"revisions":[{"id":"c19399df9a8e08950340a4f29a09ae0ac19cb01f3fc2d2375363387cd98591a9","title":"Federal Reserve note reports rising AI skill demand in manufacturing job postings","argument":"The Federal Reserve published Maria D. Tito’s note on September 30, 2026. Tito analyzes online manufacturing job postings to track employers’ advertised skill requirements and wages, while noting that postings indicate hiring demand rather than directly measuring job openings.\n\nTito reports that AI-related skill requirements rose in manufacturing postings, with machine learning among the skills increasing. Generative AI skills remained rare, and were essentially absent from production-occupation postings through the first half of 2026. The note also reports higher advertised wages for postings requiring AI skills, but says the wage differences are volatile and may reflect the types of jobs, locations, and employers represented.\n\nThe findings describe what employers advertise, not the skills of workers they ultimately hire. Online postings may miss hiring through other channels or internal promotions, and wage data are not available for every posting. How well do advertised AI requirements and wages reflect the skills and pay of workers actually hired?","topicIds":["work-and-business--jobs-and-occupations","job-displacement-and-creation"],"domain":"other","claimType":"attributed reading","limits":"Text as retrieved on October 25, 2026; originally published September 30, 2026. Online postings capture employers’ stated requirements, not the skills of workers ultimately hired, and may omit hiring through other channels or internal promotions. Wage information is missing from some postings; the note also says calculated wage differences may reflect differences in positions, locations, and employers. The note reports advertised requirements and wages; it does not establish how well they correspond to the skills and pay of workers actually hired.","speaker":{"name":"Federal Reserve","roleAtSource":"Publisher"},"source":{"title":"FEDS Note: AI on the Factory Floor: Evidence from Manufacturing Job Postings","publisher":"Federal Reserve","format":"Article","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","publishedAt":"2026-09-30T18:13:00.000Z","dateBasis":"Date supplied by the publisher’s feed."},"evidence":[{"text":"Maria D. Tito’s note was published on September 30, 2026.","excerpt":"September 30, 2026\nAI on the Factory Floor: Evidence from Manufacturing Job Postings\nMaria D. Tito","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","relationship":"Source-stated"},{"text":"Tito says job postings indicate hiring demand, not a direct measure of job openings.","excerpt":"job postings should be interpreted as a timely indicator of hiring demand rather than a direct measure of job openings.","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","relationship":"Source-stated"},{"text":"Tito reports that AI-related skill requirements rose in manufacturing postings, while generative AI requirements remained rare and were essentially absent from production postings through the first half of 2026.","excerpt":"generative AI skills remain rare overall (under 1 percent of postings), though they have inched up over the past year.","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","relationship":"Source-stated"},{"text":"Tito reports higher advertised wages for postings requiring AI skills, while noting that the wage differences may reflect differences in jobs, locations, and employers.","excerpt":"wage differentials may also reflect differences in the types of positions, locations, and employers that require these skills.","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","relationship":"Source-stated"},{"text":"Tito cautions that postings show employers’ stated skill requirements, not the skills of workers ultimately hired, and may omit hiring through other channels or internal promotions.","excerpt":"Online job postings capture employers' stated skill requirements rather than the skills of workers ultimately hired; in addition, Lightcast data reflect positions advertised online, potentially missing hiring conducted through other channels or internal promotions.","url":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","relationship":"Source-stated"}],"sourceMedia":{"status":"unchecked","sourceUrl":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","checkedAt":null,"items":[]},"assumptions":[],"openQuestion":{"attribution":"Open question","text":"How well do advertised AI requirements and wages reflect the skills and pay of workers actually hired?"},"whatWouldChangeView":{"attribution":"Change condition not recorded","text":""},"editorialComparisons":[],"live":{"title":"Federal Reserve note reports rising AI skill demand in manufacturing job postings","summary":"The Federal Reserve published Maria D. Tito’s note on September 30, 2026. Tito analyzes online manufacturing job postings to track employers’ advertised skill requirements and wages, while noting that postings indicate hiring demand rather than directly measuring job openings.\n\nTito reports that AI-related skill requirements rose in manufacturing postings, with machine learning among the skills increasing. Generative AI skills remained rare, and were essentially absent from production-occupation postings through the first half of 2026. The note also reports higher advertised wages for postings requiring AI skills, but says the wage differences are volatile and may reflect the types of jobs, locations, and employers represented.\n\nThe findings describe what employers advertise, not the skills of workers they ultimately hire. Online postings may miss hiring through other channels or internal promotions, and wage data are not available for every posting. How well do advertised AI requirements and wages reflect the skills and pay of workers actually hired?","question":"How well do advertised AI requirements and wages reflect the skills and pay of workers actually hired?","claims":[{"text":"Maria D. Tito’s note was published on September 30, 2026.","excerpt":"September 30, 2026\nAI on the Factory Floor: Evidence from Manufacturing Job Postings\nMaria D. Tito","support":"source-stated"},{"text":"Tito says job postings indicate hiring demand, not a direct measure of job openings.","excerpt":"job postings should be interpreted as a timely indicator of hiring demand rather than a direct measure of job openings.","support":"source-stated"},{"text":"Tito reports that AI-related skill requirements rose in manufacturing postings, while generative AI requirements remained rare and were essentially absent from production postings through the first half of 2026.","excerpt":"generative AI skills remain rare overall (under 1 percent of postings), though they have inched up over the past year.","support":"source-stated"},{"text":"Tito reports higher advertised wages for postings requiring AI skills, while noting that the wage differences may reflect differences in jobs, locations, and employers.","excerpt":"wage differentials may also reflect differences in the types of positions, locations, and employers that require these skills.","support":"source-stated"},{"text":"Tito cautions that postings show employers’ stated skill requirements, not the skills of workers ultimately hired, and may omit hiring through other channels or internal promotions.","excerpt":"Online job postings capture employers' stated skill requirements rather than the skills of workers ultimately hired; in addition, Lightcast data reflect positions advertised online, potentially missing hiring conducted through other channels or internal promotions.","support":"source-stated"}],"limitations":["Text as retrieved on October 25, 2026; originally published September 30, 2026.","Online postings capture employers’ stated requirements, not the skills of workers ultimately hired, and may omit hiring through other channels or internal promotions.","Wage information is missing from some postings; the note also says calculated wage differences may reflect differences in positions, locations, and employers.","The note reports advertised requirements and wages; it does not establish how well they correspond to the skills and pay of workers actually hired."],"mediaId":null,"correctionReason":null,"id":"c19399df9a8e08950340a4f29a09ae0ac19cb01f3fc2d2375363387cd98591a9","publicationId":"bb6cf7a8-1c62-232c-3077-671db39d6a95","version":1,"sourceUrl":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","sourceTitle":"FEDS Note: AI on the Factory Floor: Evidence from Manufacturing Job Postings","publisher":"Federal Reserve","publishedAt":"2026-09-30T18:13:00.000Z","originalPublished":{"value":"2026-09-30T18:13:00.000Z","precision":"instant","basis":"backfill:feed_published"},"firstObservedAt":"2026-10-25T01:27:50.727Z","createdAt":"2026-10-29T15:40:12.521Z","historical":true,"entityIds":[],"topicIds":["work-and-business--jobs-and-occupations","job-displacement-and-creation"],"media":[],"sourceMedia":{"status":"unchecked","sourceUrl":"https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-notes/ai-on-the-factory-floor-evidence-from-manufacturing-job-postings-20260930.html","checkedAt":null,"items":[]},"editorialDecision":{"outcome":"accept","mediaId":null,"inputHash":"6f73f13c451557c0a2c6611f28b177b715deb899db2fd8c2890211ded0e686c1","reasonCodes":["bridge_screen"],"rubricVersion":"bridge-screen-v5","confidence":0.99,"provider":"typesafe","model":"jev-1.13.0","decidedAt":"2026-10-29T15:14:59.704Z"},"provenance":{"textHash":"95a94a511706c700c8d53a85726b66ff87f3dfe9bc0b28708f191f887aea73b5","observationId":"8d462628cb264b2aa6bc7bbcefb2e67950c787848084b72c674c467ab81be4a4","retrievedAt":"2026-10-25T01:29:34.542Z","kind":"publisher-page","preparer":{"model":"openai/gpt-6-luna","runId":"177362e6-3b61-d1a3-e39d-a2901d381664"},"reviewer":{"model":"anthropic/claude-opus-5.5","runId":"309b37af-abb1-888e-76df-2d8986255b1c"}},"audit":{"status":"passed","reviewedAt":"2026-10-29T15:40:02.894Z","model":"anthropic/claude-opus-5.5"}}}],"audits":[{"publicationId":"bb6cf7a8-1c62-232c-3077-671db39d6a95","verdict":"passed","findings":[{"dimension":"attribution","status":"pass","explanation":"The reading correctly attributes the note to Maria D. Tito and the Federal Reserve. Its findings and caveats are presented as the author's reports.","excerpt":"Tito, Maria (2026). \"AI on the Factory Floor: Evidence from Manufacturing Job Postings,\" FEDS Notes."},{"dimension":"summary","status":"pass","explanation":"The title, summary and question accurately reflect the note: AI skill requirements are rising in manufacturing postings, machine learning is increasing, and generative AI remains rare and essentially absent from production postings. It reports higher advertised AI wages with the source's volatility and composition caveats. A general reader can follow it. The specific shares (11 percent versus 8 percent) and the low-exposure contrast are omitted, but this is not a misstatement. The question follows from the source's own caveat.","excerpt":"Third, production workers show the same upward trends for broad AI and machine learning but at substantially lower levels, with generative AI skills essentially absent from production postings through the first half of this year."},{"dimension":"date","status":"pass","explanation":"The stated date of September 30, 2026 matches the dateline and originalPublished. The phrase 'first half of this year' in a note dated 2026 correctly maps to the first half of 2026. The reading presents no forecasts as outcomes and uses no hindsight framing. The evidence is a publisher page, so no archive disclosure is required. The last-modified time is only seconds after publication.","excerpt":"September 30, 2026\nAI on the Factory Floor: Evidence from Manufacturing Job Postings"},{"dimension":"support","status":"pass","explanation":"Each claim is source-stated with matching excerpts. The wage volatility point is supported by the source's statement on small samples. The composition caveat and the missing wage data are supported by footnotes 4 and 3. The reading makes no unsupported benefits or impacts.","excerpt":"with substantial volatility likely stemming from the small sample of AI-related postings and shifts in which types of positions require these skills."},{"dimension":"media","status":"pass","explanation":"No media was selected and no verified candidates were supplied, so there is nothing to misidentify.","excerpt":null}],"createdAt":"2026-10-29T15:40:02.894Z","model":"anthropic/claude-opus-5.5"}],"correctionUrl":"https://escapemeridian.com/corrections/"}